Bolt Torque
Torque, also called moment of force, is a rotational moment. It is a measure of how much twisting is applied to tighten (turn) the nut on a bolt. When bolting flanges together or anything else tor that matter, tightening the nut stretches the bolt adding pressure to the gasket. The bolt are designed to stretch a bit acting like a spring. Different factors can affect the torque like number of threads, oil, rust, type of material, etc.
Bolt Torque formula
\(\large{ T = \frac {k\;d\;p} {12} }\)
Where:
\(\large{ T }\) = torque
\(\large{ p }\) = desired clamp load tension
\(\large{ d }\) = nominal diameter
\(\large{ k }\) = torque coefficient (dimensionless)
Tags: Equations for Torque